The result shows that with the addition of rare earth elements , ultrasonic irradiation and magnetic field , the chemical component , surface configuration , microstructure and properties of electroless co - ni - b and co - fe - b alloy changes remarkably . such kind of change can be described as the followings . firstly the depositing speed of electroless alloy bath is raised while the polarizability and cathodic overpotential are reduced ; secondly the surface quality of the alloy coating and adhesion of the coating and matrix are improved ; thirdly in the coatings the content of the elements in the transient group increases , but the content of cobalt decreased ; fourthly the amorphous structure is transformed to microcrystal structure and polycrystal structure ; fifthly the microhardness and wear resistance of the coating are enhanced ; sixthly coercitive force is reduced , and magnetoconductivity of the coating is increased ; lastly the magnetic intensity of the coating increases with the addition of energy and light rare earth elements such as ce , la and decreases with the addition of heavy rare earth elements such as y . on the other side , when the alloy coatings passes through the heat treatment under the temperature of 250 or 500 , their properties will change 結(jié)果顯示化學(xué)沉積co - ni - b 、 co - fe - b工藝在稀土元素( ce 、 la 、 y 、 dy ) 、能量(超聲波、磁場)介入后,沉積過程、合金成分、鍍層形貌結(jié)構(gòu)和性能都有顯著變化,表現(xiàn)在:鍍液的陰極極化過電位和極化度降低,沉積速度提高;鍍層的結(jié)合力、表面質(zhì)量改善;鍍層中過渡族元素的含量增加,輕元素硼的含量降低,同時證實(shí)了稀土元素與過渡族元素共沉積的可能性;鍍層的顯微結(jié)構(gòu)由非晶態(tài)向微晶和多晶態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變;鍍層的顯微硬度與耐磨性提高,力學(xué)性能優(yōu)化;鍍層的矯頑力降低;磁導(dǎo)率提高;鍍層的磁化強(qiáng)度在能量(超聲波、磁場)和輕稀土元素ce 、 la介入后提高,重稀土元素y介入后降低。